Application case studies

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Machine-vision application studies with real camera captures, explorable 3D arrangements and the reasoning behind each lighting and optics choice. Each study names the tested parts, our proposed alternatives and what still needs validating on your part.

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All 98 Batteries and automotive 3 Electronics and devices 28 Food, pharma and agriculture 5 Glass, displays and optics 9 Metal parts and machining 29 Packaging, labels and print 11 Plastics, rubber and ceramics 8 Textiles, film and web 5
Task
All 98Assembly and positioning 12 Codes and characters 8 Contamination 5 Dimensions and edges 21 Electronics features 7 Line scan 2 Spectral imaging (NIR / SWIR / colour) 7 Surface defects 36

98 case studies

Oblique line-light capture from the same test; the local marked structure is more visible. Packaging, labels and print Foils and reflective packaging · Surface-shape visibility Indentation marks on aluminium film Make a surface change visible before deciding whether it exceeds the specification.Proposed light housing (spec)340 × 48 × 75 mmExplore the study Source white-ring capture: a bright annular wrap/rim region surrounds a darker centre. Batteries and automotive Battery assembly · Packaging appearance inspection Cylindrical battery-end wrap under a ring light A useful packaging image supports a defined appearance decision.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø120 × 40 mmExplore the study Board-header camera capture: pin outlines and visibly leaning pins under a backlight. The source names the non-AL LS-VCM230-120. Electronics and devices Electronics assembly · Position and angle check Bent pins on connectors and boards Separate real pin lean from perspective.Field of view50.46 × 37.85 mmExplore the study Revised white flat dome: the captured surface has a more even appearance. Electronics and devices Electronics and component packaging · Reflective surface inspection Black-painted metal under a flat dome Make the reflected field consistent before calling a surface defect.Proposed light housing (spec)140 × 140 × 11.5 mmExplore the study White LS-SDL-0020 arch-light capture: capsules against a dark background, with a visible dark mark on a light capsule surface. Food, pharma and agriculture Pharmaceutical packaging · Contamination and foreign-matter check Contamination in blister packs Reduce glare before searching for a dark speck.LightArch shadowless, 125 × 70 mm emittingExplore the study Source backlit bottle-bottom capture: two dark regions are visible within the brighter base. Packaging, labels and print Packaging and containers · Foreign matter inspection Foreign matter in a bottle bottom Build the clean-bottle variation into the test before setting a dark-spot threshold.MethodTransmitted white backlightExplore the study Source white flat-coaxial capture: a lighter surface region is visible on the right of the yellow circular face. Packaging, labels and print Packaging components · Colour appearance inspection Colour appearance on a bottle cap Control the colour recipe before turning a lighter patch into a reject decision.Light in sourceLS-CXL-0182 · whiteExplore the study Source red-bar capture: three bread-piece outlines are visible against a darker background. Food, pharma and agriculture Food handling automation · Part positioning Bread-piece outline and orientation A usable outline is the first step; prove the handling task on real product variation.Light in sourceLS-BAR-0521 · redExplore the study Source white flat-coaxial image: the lower-right pocket has a different surrounding colour and texture from several adjacent pockets. Packaging, labels and print Packaging inspection · Powder appearance inspection Powder appearance around capsule pockets Inspect the pocket surroundings, and validate any leak conclusion by the required method.Light in sourceLS-CXL-0183 · whiteExplore the study Revised white flat dome: repeated pockets and chip details are clearer through the film. Electronics and devices Electronics and component packaging · Reflective surface inspection Chip pockets beneath reflective cover film Treat cover-film glare as an optical problem before changing the algorithm.Proposed light housing (spec)140 × 140 × 11.5 mmExplore the study Source polarized-light capture: a dark irregular surface region is visible on the pale ceramic part. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Ceramic components · Surface appearance inspection Ceramic glaze appearance under polarized light Stabilize glare and colour processing before assigning a surface threshold.MethodWhite polarized ring illuminationExplore the study White arc bar: the pattern remains more visible across the captured field. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Ceramics and building materials · Surface pattern inspection Ceramic-tile pattern visibility Prove lighting uniformity before classifying a decorative pattern.Proposed light housing (spec)196 × 20.3 × 27 mmExplore the study Source1300 nm fibre-light capture: circuit structure is more visible. Electronics and devices Semiconductor inspection · Internal-structure visibility Chip circuit detail at1300 nm Revealing structure is a prerequisite, not a hidden-defect result.Proposed light housing (spec)117 × 117 × 23 mmExplore the study Source backlight image: a dark circular plate contains four spring-window patterns, openings and a central hole. Metal parts and machining Mechanical assembly · Spring-pattern appearance Spring-window appearance in a clutch plate Use the spring-window pattern for appearance and prove mechanical function separately.Light in sourceLS-BKL-1302 · whiteExplore the study Source white parallel-backlight image showing the comb outline and repeated gaps between teeth. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Moulded consumer parts · Repeated-feature inspection Comb tooth and gap inspection Choose sampling for the smallest gap that must remain open.MethodWhite parallel backlightExplore the study Source pin-light capture: bright tip regions are more isolated from the background; original red box retained. Electronics and devices Electronic components and lead inspection · Pin location Pin-tip location with selective illumination Select a useful tip signal before asking software to locate it.Proposed light housing (spec)120 × 150 × 26 mmExplore the study Real coaxial-light capture: repeated contact features and gaps are visible. Electronics and devices Connectors and electronics · Contact-feature inspection Repeated connector contacts under coaxial light Start with a clear image of the observable contact geometry.Proposed light housing (spec)74 × 50 × 50 mmExplore the study Source blue-ring capture showing the small circular bit face, darker shaped regions and a bright central strip. Metal parts and machining Cutting-tool manufacturing · End-face appearance inspection Cutting-bit end-face appearance Prove the local end-face signal before assigning a wear or damage threshold.Light in sourceLS-SDL-0045 · blueExplore the study Fourth-generation line-light capture: the marked feature has stronger visible contrast; the red box is original. Metal parts and machining Machining and cylindrical components · Curved-surface inspection Scratch contrast on a machined cylinder A curved surface needs a tested angular coverage plan.Proposed light housing (spec)440 × 50 × 117.13 mmExplore the study Source white-bar image: the marked serial region is visible on the dark cover while its outer edge reflects brightly. Electronics and devices Electronics traceability · Serial-mark imaging Serial-code imaging on a dark cover Make the mark repeatable in the image before measuring traceability performance.Light in sourceLS-BAR-0518 · whiteExplore the study Dark-screen scratch under the source double-angle oblique light; original red box retained. Glass, displays and optics Display and cover glass · Surface scratch visibility Three line-light trials on display glass Choose a lighting direction on your screen before comparing light output.Proposed light housing (spec)220 × 53 × 121.5 mmExplore the study Source date-line crop with separate printed dots. Adjacent labels and the second line are excluded; no inspection detail has been reconstructed. Packaging, labels and print Packaging traceability · Date-code imaging Dot-printed date-code contrast Keep dots separate in the image before evaluating a date reader.Light in sourceLS-BAR-0518 · blueExplore the study The camera capture shows a forked shaft profile with a bright slot between two dark shoulders and a clear outer contour. Metal parts and machining Precision components · Telecentric gauging A shaft silhouette with matched telecentric optics Treat the lens, collimated light and fixture as one calibrated measurement system.Source field47.52 × 39.85 mmExplore the study Real source NIR capture: repeated metal loops are distinguishable through the fabric region. Textiles, film and web Textile assembly and garments · Hidden-feature visibility Fastener loops beneath fabric in infrared Choose wavelength from the actual textile and hardware combination.Proposed light housing (spec)114 × 114 × 17 mmExplore the study Source white-panel capture: a dark line crosses the bright fastener head below the thread and washer-like elements. Metal parts and machining Fastener manufacturing · Head-surface appearance Crack appearance on a fastener head Keep the head face visible, then distinguish damage from normal head features.Light in sourceLS-BKL-1298 · whiteExplore the study Source example A under the white LS-BKL-1304: dark film shapes have visible small punched openings and edge notches. Textiles, film and web Die-cut film manufacturing · Cut-out appearance inspection Punched holes and notches in film Choose sampling for the smallest cut-out, then control the film plane.Light in sourceLS-BKL-1304 · whiteExplore the study Source blue flat-coaxial capture showing an L-shaped flexible-circuit region, edge features and trace detail. Electronics and devices Flexible electronics assembly · Part positioning Flexible-circuit shape positioning Fixture the flex before trusting its projected position.Light in sourceLS-CXL-0185 · blueExplore the study SWIR 1550 nm: two dark bruises with clear borders (marked by the tester). Food, pharma and agriculture Food and agriculture · Hidden defect detection Apple bruises: NIR vs SWIR Match the wavelength, sensor and optics as one system.NIR940 nmExplore the study Source natural-light lemon capture, with a different recorded peel appearance. Food, pharma and agriculture Produce appearance and sorting · Colour appearance Fruit colour under two source lighting conditions A colour threshold needs controlled capture and a defined reference.Proposed light housing (spec)162 × 36 × 26 mmExplore the study Source white-dome capture: two reflective near-circular terminal end faces are visible against a darker background. Batteries and automotive Automotive electrical assembly · Terminal appearance inspection Reflective fuse-terminal appearance Use diffuse light for terminal appearance and test electrical performance separately.Light in sourceLS-DOM-0093 · whiteExplore the study The source blue-backlight capture shows the gear tooth outline, central bore and surrounding holes. Metal parts and machining Precision machining · Contour inspection Gear teeth and bore contours A clean silhouette supports edge finding; calibration makes those edges useful for gauging.MethodBlue transmitted backlightExplore the study Real source capture: alternating bands and repeated pattern edges are visible. Glass, displays and optics Display and optical glass · Pattern-spacing inspection Grid spacing on a glass cover plate Clear stripes support measurement only after the edge rule and scale are proven.Proposed light housing (spec)74 × 50 × 50 mmExplore the study Supplied blue-light capture: irregular dark residue against a bright background. Glass, displays and optics Glass and optical parts · Contamination inspection Dark residue on a bright glass field Prove the difference between unacceptable residue and acceptable background.Proposed light housing (spec)105.5 × 46 × 47 mmExplore the study Source white-bar capture showing MAX, numbered marks and horizontal scale ticks. Metal parts and machining Marked-part inspection · Character imaging Graduated scale character contrast A clear scale image is not itself a calibrated measurement.Light in sourceLS-BAR-0221 · whiteExplore the study Source white-backlight capture showing the insole perimeter as a dark silhouette. Textiles, film and web Footwear manufacturing · Contour inspection Insole outline and cut shape Control flexible-part shape before comparing the cut outline.MethodTransmitted white backlightExplore the study Source blue-bar capture: repeated bright circular contact features stand out against the dark mat and surrounding pattern. Electronics and devices Input-device assembly · Contact-feature appearance Repeated contacts on a keyboard mat Use the visible contact pattern to test orientation; verify switch function independently.Light in sourceLS-BAR-0227 · blueExplore the study Source white four-sided-light capture: printed legends are visible on several separate moulded keypads. Electronics and devices Input-device manufacturing · Legend appearance inspection Printed legends on moulded keypads Choose the lighting direction for the printed stroke, not just the key outline.Light in sourceLS-BAR-1349 · whiteExplore the study Oblique line-light capture of the same label application; the crease region stands out more strongly. Packaging, labels and print Labels and packaging · Wrinkle visibility Label creases under an oblique line light Choose a light angle that separates a crease from normal label features.Proposed light housing (spec)340 × 48 × 75 mmExplore the study Source example A under the white LS-CXL-0183: a dense repeated lamp-panel pattern is visible. Electronics and devices Electronic component manufacturing · Pattern appearance inspection LED-panel and substrate appearance Use the pattern for appearance checks and verify device function independently.Light in sourceLS-CXL-0183 · whiteExplore the study The source capture shows bright scratches on the dark metal cover; the red rectangle is the original test annotation. This crop excludes unrelated printed markings on the cover. Metal parts and machining Metal surfaces · Line-scan system concept A line-scan station for metal surface scratches The lighting reveals the feature; synchronized material travel turns the line into a useful image.Proposed camera2048 pixels · monoExplore the study Source 4COXL300 white capture, labelled 35 µs exposure. Packaging, labels and print Reflective identifiers and traceability · Barcode image visibility Barcode contrast under coaxial line lights Preserve the barcode structure before claiming a short-exposure reading result.Source exposure35 µs on all four capturesExplore the study The source camera capture shows the weave and a local raised or loose-fibre feature inside the original red annotation. Textiles, film and web Textiles and continuous web · Line-scan system concept A line-scan station for textile surface defects The lighting reveals the feature; synchronized material travel turns the line into a useful image.Proposed camera2048 pixels · monoExplore the study Flat dome (LS-DOM-0050): the weld outline is clear and even. Batteries and automotive Lithium battery manufacturing · Surface defect detection Battery welds and tabs Control what shiny metal reflects.LightFlat dome, 100 × 100 mm emittingExplore the study Same source swatch-fan example under the natural-light condition. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Materials and finish inspection · Colour appearance Material swatches under two lighting conditions Compare the material against a controlled reference, not a changing capture setup.Proposed light housing (spec)162 × 36 × 26 mmExplore the study Original collimated-panel side: dimmer background and a more distinct outline boundary. Metal parts and machining Precision machining and gauging · Diameter-edge visibility Metal-column edges under two backlights Choose the backlight for edge stability rather than brightness alone.Proposed light housing (spec)84 × 84 × 19 mmExplore the study Real source capture: rectangular faces and their outlines stand out from the dark carrier. Metal parts and machining Precision parts and handling · Outline inspection Metal insert outlines in a dark carrier A clear metal outline is the start of a measurement trial, not its accuracy result.Proposed light housing (spec)96 × 96 × 30 mmExplore the study Camera capture with the white LS-BAR-0706: scratches and hole rims return brighter than the surrounding surface. Metal parts and machining Precision machining · Surface defect detection Scratches on machined metal Choose lighting direction before adding resolution.Test lightFour-sided adjustable bar lightExplore the study Source white flat-coaxial capture: the reflective face shows broad brightness variation and a visible outer boundary. No particular pit is labelled. Metal parts and machining Reflective component manufacturing · Surface appearance inspection Reflective mirror-surface appearance Prove a local defect signal before interpreting a reflected brightness pattern.Light in sourceLS-CXL-0184 · whiteExplore the study Crop of the real right-angle coaxial capture, retaining the curved outer edge; unrelated printed part identifiers are outside the crop. Glass, displays and optics Display and cover glass · Contour visibility Mobile cover-glass contour under coaxial light Choose the viewing geometry around a clearly defined edge datum.Proposed light housing (spec)74 × 50 × 50 mmExplore the study Reviewed source crop: several bright rectangular regions and moulded carrier features remain visible. Upper moulded branding is excluded. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Moulded assembly inspection · Insert-region appearance Visible insert regions in a moulded carrier Verify what each visible region represents before using it as an assembly rule.Light in sourceLS-DOM-0095 · whiteExplore the study Source RGB seal capture: the circular rim returns coloured bands around its curved edge. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Seals and moulded parts · Surface appearance inspection O-ring appearance with RGB angles Use coloured angles to create a repeatable appearance signal, then validate the decision.MethodThree-angle RGB reflectionExplore the study Source coaxial example: surface marks appear inside a circular optical component. Glass, displays and optics Optical component manufacturing · Surface appearance inspection Surface marks on optical lenses Choose the light path for the defect class instead of treating every visible spot alike.MethodBlue coaxial reflected lightExplore the study Real camera capture of the bright package face and surrounding contour. Packaging, labels and print Packaging and handling · Outline location Carton outlines under rectangular shadowless light Locate the package from a defined contour rather than its printed graphics.Proposed light housing (spec)200 × 116 × 42 mmExplore the study Source red-bar image: three lines of bright characters and decimal separators are visible on a dark rectangular field. Packaging, labels and print Print and label inspection · Character imaging Light-on-dark characters on paper Match the reader to the actual print polarity before judging recognition performance.Light in sourceLS-BAR-0512 · redExplore the study The reference cross is bright against the textured board region in the supplied capture. Electronics and devices Electronics manufacturing · Fiducial location Bright PCB fiducial on a textured background A visible fiducial becomes a positioning tool only after calibration and repeatability checks.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø50 × 17.5 mmExplore the study Same application sheet with the arc bar; repeated round outlines remain clearer across the field. Electronics and devices Electronics manufacturing · PCB surface inspection Even light across repeated PCB panels A repeated feature needs repeatable illumination wherever it lands.Proposed light housing (spec)196 × 20.3 × 27 mmExplore the study Source higher-contrast lettering capture with R1/R2/R3 more distinct; original red box retained. Electronics and devices Electronics manufacturing · Printed-mark visibility Printed PCB reference markings under diffuse ring light A readable-looking mark needs a measured character-verification trial.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø91 × 25.5 mmExplore the study Under the RGB AOI light (LS-SPC-0035, RGB build): each joint's slope shows as colour, so defects stand out as colour changes. Electronics and devices Electronics (SMT / AOI) · Solder joint inspection PCB solder joints with an RGB AOI light Use lighting angle to make solder shape visible.LightAOI, 160 mm outside, 45 mm apertureExplore the study Reviewed crop of the source board: blue, yellow, black and red insulation is visible beside the attachment regions. Unrelated chip markings elsewhere on the board are excluded. Electronics and devices Electronic assembly · Wire-colour inspection Wire-colour appearance at PCB joints Use colour to inspect the visible assignment and test the electrical connection separately.Light in sourceLS-SDL-0084 · whiteExplore the study Source four-sided-light capture showing a phone-frame boundary and multiple openings against a dark background. Electronics and devices Electronics assembly · Part positioning Phone-frame contour positioning Use stable geometry for position; validate the machine-coordinate result separately.Light in sourceLS-BAR-1349 · whiteExplore the study Real white-coaxial capture: several scratch lines are visible in the bright field. Electronics and devices Consumer-device housings · Surface scratch visibility Phone-shell scratches under precision coaxial light Control the reflected field before setting a scratch threshold.Proposed light housing (spec)41 × 30 × 24 mmExplore the study Source1300 nm capture: the reference cross is visible inside the original red circle. Electronics and devices Photovoltaic and semiconductor processing · Reference-mark visibility Photovoltaic reference marks at1300 nm Choose the spectral band for the mark you need to locate.Proposed light housing (spec)162 × 22 × 36 mmExplore the study Reviewed source rim crop: the right outer edge is locally ragged while the inner loop edge remains visible. Unrelated faint moulded markings are outside the crop. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Moulded part manufacturing · Edge appearance inspection Outer-rim damage on a plastic loop Agree which rim changes are unacceptable before assigning an edge threshold.Light in sourceLS-SDL-0084 · whiteExplore the study Source blue-backlight capture showing the dark tool-tip silhouette and a faint narrow line between the jaws. Metal parts and machining Tool manufacturing · Jaw-gap appearance inspection Narrow-gap appearance between plier jaws Prove the narrow light path before claiming a gap measurement.Light in sourceLS-BKL-0719 · blueExplore the study White LS-SDL-0017: sharper reflected stripes and clearer local disturbances; red boxes are the original test annotations. Glass, displays and optics Display and optical films · Reflective surface inspection Polarizer-film defects in reflected stripes Give a featureless surface a pattern to reflect.Light-to-part (as tested)100 mmExplore the study Source backlit meander-pattern capture; the dark repeated tracks and bright spaces are visible. Electronics and devices Printed electronics · Pattern appearance inspection Printed resistor track appearance A visual pattern inspection complements an electrical test; it does not replace it.MethodTransmitted white backlightExplore the study Reviewed source centre crop: a bright local region is visible within the darker recessed part. Unrelated background markings are outside the crop. Metal parts and machining Precision part manufacturing · Recess appearance inspection Appearance inside a recessed centre Build the clean-recess reference before assigning bright regions to contamination.Light in sourceLS-DOM-0092 · whiteExplore the study Original source capture with the first zone. Metal parts and machining Formed parts and surface inspection · Directional feature visibility Four-zone imaging of recessed circular features Preserve directional evidence before choosing how to combine it.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø91 × 25.5 mmExplore the study Source white-bar capture: repeated small two-dimensional marks and adjacent identifiers across a label sheet. Packaging, labels and print Label production · Code imaging Two-dimensional codes on repeated labels Choose how many labels fit the field from the smallest code module, not the sheet size.Light in sourceLS-BAR-0512 · whiteExplore the study Source white diffuse-ring capture: dark irregular regions contrast with the lighter rectangular component face. Electronics and devices Electronic component processing · Material appearance inspection Resin appearance on a leaded component First identify the material regions, then validate the appearance rule.Light in sourceLS-SDL-0082 · whiteExplore the study Real source capture: a dark circular outline with a small bright central feature. Metal parts and machining Precision parts and gauging · Diameter-edge visibility Round-part diameter silhouette A reported accuracy needs a reproducible measurement method.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø42 × 105 mmExplore the study Source blue-light capture; local marks remain visible on the bright ring. Plastics, rubber and ceramics Rubber and seals · Surface defect inspection Rubber-gasket defects under a multi-angle ring Use multi-angle light to test visibility around the entire seal.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø225 × 64 mmExplore the study Camera capture under the white LS-SDL-0017. The original red annotation and inset show the local stripe deformation at the crease. Glass, displays and optics Display and optical films · Crease detection Screen-film creases and local deformation Inspect the change in reflection, not just the film colour.Test lightLS-SDL-0017, whiteExplore the study High-angle ring: the head face is bright and the drive recess dark. Metal parts and machining Fasteners and assembly · Shape inspection Screw-head shape at two ring-light angles Choose lighting angle for the feature that actually drives the decision.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø70 × 20.5 mmExplore the study White collimated-panel capture: the screw appears as a dark contour against a bright field. Metal parts and machining Fasteners and precision machining · Contour inspection Screw outline with a collimated panel Collimated lighting improves a silhouette; stable magnification is a separate lens decision.Proposed light housing (spec)64 × 64 × 19 mmExplore the study Camera image from the test: the thread as a silhouette in front of the collimated light. Crests and roots are sharp edges with no shading on the flanks. Metal parts and machining Fasteners and precision machining · Gauging Screw thread pitch with telecentric optics Stabilize scale and edge contrast before judging a tolerance.Field of view19.34 × 16.21 mmExplore the study Higher-brightness backlight capture; the background is much brighter in this supplied image. Metal parts and machining Machined metal components · Edge visibility Shaft-sleeve edges under two backlights Translate light output into a measured exposure budget.Proposed light housing (spec)151 × 137 × 96.52 mmExplore the study Source polarized-light capture showing slender metal parts with differing bright end and shoulder features. Metal parts and machining Precision metal assembly · Orientation inspection Front and back features on slender metal parts Base orientation on a repeatable feature, not on brightness alone.MethodWhite polarized illuminationExplore the study Source blue-coaxial capture: circular holes appear brighter than the textured surface around them. Metal parts and machining Precision parts · Foreign matter inspection Contamination in small holes Test the full bore depth before treating a bright hole as an unobstructed one.MethodBlue coaxial illuminationExplore the study Source dome-lit capture of a coil spring, hook and adjacent mechanism. Metal parts and machining Mechanical assembly · Assembly appearance inspection Spring and hook assembly under dome lighting Make the attachment visible, then validate the mechanical requirement independently.MethodDiffuse white domeExplore the study Source white-light capture: stamped faces are bright and openings dark. Metal parts and machining Metal stamping and electronics · Part location Stamped metal features under diffuse ring light Locate the part from features that survive normal manufacturing variation.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø90 × 28 mmExplore the study White LS-BKL-0779 backlight: dark terminal edges and a bright opening against a bright background. Electronics and devices Electrical component manufacturing · Contour and presence check Stamped-metal terminal contours Use a silhouette when the requirement is shape.Test lightWhite thin-panel backlightExplore the study Source metal-positioning capture labelled with a 4 µs exposure under the strobe coaxial light. Metal parts and machining High-speed inspection development · Positioning Metal positioning with short-exposure strobe lighting A short exposure needs a verified light-and-trigger recipe before it becomes a motion-freezing claim.MethodStrobe coaxial white lightExplore the study Real source capture of the curved shell region under white coaxial light. Electronics and devices Consumer-device housings · Edge location Reflective tablet-shell edge under coaxial light A clear contour still needs an unambiguous physical datum.Proposed light housing (spec)111 × 50 × 50 mmExplore the study The source capture shows repeated oval boundaries with bright rims and dark centres. Several positions have visibly different boundary contrast; the sheet does not define a pass/fail threshold. Metal parts and machining Precision components · Telecentric gauging Inspecting oval apertures with telecentric optics Treat the lens, collimated light and fixture as one calibrated measurement system.Source field51.16 × 38.84 mmExplore the study High-power white-strobe capture from the source comparison; surface marks are clearer. Metal parts and machining Metal components and high-speed inspection · Lighting-output comparison Metal-surface contrast with a high-power strobe ring Turn extra light into a verified exposure budget, not an assumed speed claim.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø74 × 20 mmExplore the study Source transmitted-light capture: a small dark feature is visible in the bright field. Glass, displays and optics Glass and transparent parts · Inclusion visibility Glass inclusions under a directional spot backlight A dark spot is an observed image feature until its physical cause is verified.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø58 × 150.5 mmExplore the study Source example A, labelled surface-scratch inspection: a reflective shell face has bright edges and faint surface lines. Electronics and devices Connector manufacturing · Surface appearance inspection Surface appearance on USB shells Control the reflection before deciding which surface lines are defects.Light in sourceLS-BAR-1347 · whiteExplore the study Source UV image labelled as glass adhesive-break inspection: the bead outline and internal adhesive marks appear bright. Glass, displays and optics Glass bonding · Adhesive appearance inspection UV adhesive bead continuity on glass Use fluorescence contrast to inspect the bead shape, then validate the bond by the required method.Method365 nm UV excitationExplore the study Source trial A: a dotted two-dimensional code appears bright against the dark cap under UV illumination. Packaging, labels and print Packaging traceability · Code imaging UV bottle-cap code imaging Prove the UV image first, then measure the reader performance.Method365 nm UV ring illuminationExplore the study Source UV loudspeaker capture: a bright adhesive region follows much of the perimeter of the dark central assembly. Electronics and devices Electroacoustic assembly · Adhesive appearance inspection UV adhesive on a loudspeaker Inspect where the bead must be, not just how much of the image is bright.Method365 nm UV excitationExplore the study Source board example under a UV bar: blue material contrast is visible on one populated assembly. Electronics and devices Electronics assembly · Adhesive presence inspection UV adhesive presence on circuit boards Identify what fluoresces before deciding what the bright regions mean.Method365 nm UV material contrastExplore the study Real source vial capture; original red annotation points to small bright features. Food, pharma and agriculture Glass containers and liquid products · Particle-visibility trial Visible features in a vial under end illumination Separate a bright-feature image from a verified particle decision.Proposed light housing (spec)Ø24 × 62 mmExplore the study Source flat-coaxial image: a bright circular outline with a left-side flat segment stands out from the dark background. Electronics and devices Semiconductor handling development · Part positioning Wafer edge and flat-segment positioning Use the visible edge geometry, then prove the coordinate accuracy on the actual wafer.Light in sourceLS-CXL-0184 · whiteExplore the study Source1550 nm capture: repeated central dark features stand out in the bright regions. Electronics and devices Semiconductor processing · Internal-pattern visibility Repeated wafer features in SWIR Validate the sample material before generalizing a spectral result.Proposed light housing (spec)117 × 117 × 23 mmExplore the study Source scratch-inspection example: boundaries and face detail are visible across repeated bracelet links. Metal parts and machining Precision consumer components · Surface appearance inspection Surface appearance across bracelet links Use accepted finish variation to stop normal link reflections becoming defects.Light in sourceLS-BAR-1349 · whiteExplore the study Original upper-rim capture under white narrow-angle coaxial light; generic material/pressure lettering is retained. Metal parts and machining Consumer-device metalwork · Character visibility Engraved characters on a metal watch rim Character visibility must be followed by a measured reading trial.Proposed light housing (spec)74 × 50 × 50 mmExplore the study Source white-ring capture: interlocking zipper teeth and the adjacent pink fabric texture are visible. No slider or pull is demonstrated. Textiles, film and web Textile fastener manufacturing · Tooth-pattern appearance Interlocking zipper-tooth appearance Inspect the tooth pattern against real fabric variation before testing a defect rule.Light in sourceLS-SDL-0046 · whiteExplore the study

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